Between 1993 and 2018, mean sea level has risen across most of the world ocean (blue colors). The map illustrates how climate change could affect the global economy as regions connected by trade are affected by changes in crop yield, droughts, flooding and high temperatures. When water shifts from land to ocean, the increase in mass increases the strength of gravity over oceans by a small amount. If we follow a pathway with high emissions, a worst-case scenario of as much as 8.2 feet (2.5 meters) above 2000 levels by 2100 cannot be ruled out. Leuliette, E. (2014). However, it’s uncertain whether that acceleration will continue, driving faster and faster sea level rise, or whether internal glacier and ice sheet dynamics (not to mention natural climate variability) will lead to “pulses” of accelerated melting interrupted by slowdowns. We provide construction professionals with guidelines, specifications, and permits to connect to Seattle's water and sewer systems. Photos courtesy of Louis H. Pedersen (1917) and Bruce F. Molina (2005), obtained from the Glacier Photograph Collection, Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center/World Data Center for Glaciology. How much it will rise depends mostly on the rate of future carbon dioxide emissions and future global warming. The base digital elevation model (DEM) used in the analysis was produced using data from the 2016 regional LiDAR project by King County & the Puget Sound LiDAR Consortium. Based on their new scenarios, global sea level is very likely to rise at least 12 inches (0.3 meters) above 2000 levels by 2100 even on a low-emissions pathway. For the safest holidays - EVERYONE should avoid travel and only gather with household members to prevent the further spread of COVID-19 in our region. This is an increase of 0.24 inches (6.1 mm) from 2018. Parris, A., P. Bromirski, V. Burkett, D. Cayan, M. Culver, J. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Explore the programs we offer for you to learn about the environment and get involved. In: IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate [H.- O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, M. Tignor, E. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, M. Nicolai, A. Okem, J. Petzold, B. Rama, N. Weyer (eds.)]. Global and Regional Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the United States. Using data from scores of stations around the world, scientists can calculate a global average and adjust it for seasonal differences. Click on the map above for an interactive version. Since the early 1990s, sea level has been measured from space using radar altimeters, which determine the height of the sea surface by measuring the return speed and intensity of a radar pulse directed at the ocean. Find notifications and measures we take to inform and involve you. Climate Change Science Program, NOAA scientists conducted a review of the research on global sea level rise projections. By the end of the century, global mean sea level is likely to rise at least one foot (0.3 meters) above 2000 levels, even if greenhouse gas emissions follow a relatively low pathway in coming decades. [online: https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/sltrends/] Accessed November 18, 2019. Melting of the current Greenland ice sheet would result in a sea-level rise of about 6.5 meters; melting of the West Antarctic ice sheet would result in a sea-level rise … See how we maintain these services for you. The higher worst-case scenario—which is extremely unlikely, but can’t be ruled out—is largely due to new observations and modeling on ice loss from Antarctica and Greenland. You can tour the Cedar River Watershed and hike nearby trails. Address: Roads, bridges, subways, water supplies, oil and gas wells, power plants, sewage treatment plants, landfills—the list is practically endless—are all at risk from sea level rise. From the 1970s up through the last decade or so, melting and heat expansion were contributing roughly equally to observed sea level rise. NASA photo by Maria-José Viñas. To squeeze or stretch the graph in either direction, hold your Shift key down, then click and drag. In 2019, global sea level was 3.4 inches (87.6 mm) above the 1993 average—the highest annual average in the satellite record (1993-present). The darker line is based on University of Hawaii Fast Delivery sea level data. This prevents over-emphasizing regions where there are many tide gauges located in close proximity. Also read about what to do if your bill seems too high. In many locations along the U.S. coastline, high-tide flooding is now 300% to more than 900% more frequent than it was 50 years ago. Geophysical Research Letters, 45(24), 13,367-13,376. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL081183, IPCC, 2019: Summary for Policymakers. (n.d.) Sea level trends. From our watersheds to your streets and parks, we strive to keep Seattle clean and safe. Pedersen Glacier, at Aialik Bay in Alaska’s Kenai Mountains, in 1917 (left) and 2005 (right). Seattle Public Utilities (SPU) knows the COVID-19 pandemic has made it harder for some of its customers to afford essential services. http://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/sod/lsa/SeaLevelRise/documents/NOAA_NESD... https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/sltrends/, http://cpo.noaa.gov/sites/cpo/Reports/2012/NOAA_SLR_r3.pdf, http://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2019/03/alpine-glaciers-another-decade-of-loss/, https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/publications/techrpt83_Global_and_Regional_SLR_Scenarios_for_the_US_final.pdf, https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/publications/NOAA_Technical_Report_NOS_COOPS_073.pdf, Explaining the NOAA Sea Level Rise Viewer, Rising Sea Levels Threaten Hawaiian Sea Turtles’ Nesting Sites, Climate Change: Arctic sea ice summer minimum. By 2005, the glacier had retreated, and the lake had become a small grassland. Sea Level Change. (2013). The scenarios differ based on potential future rates of greenhouse gas emissions and differences in the plausible rates of glacier and ice sheet loss. Explore this interactive graph: Click and drag either axis to display different parts of the graph. We have programs to help you save on your utility costs. Our connection to the community is very important. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Sea level has risen 8–9 inches (21–24 centimeters) since 1880. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/3/2019/11/SROCC_FinalDraft_Chapter3.pdf, https://report.ipcc.ch/srocc/pdf/SROCC_SPM_Approved.pdf, http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg1/WG1AR5_SPM_FINAL.pdf. The decadal average loss from glaciers in the World Glacier Monitoring Service’s reference network quintupled over the past few decades, from the equivalent of 6.7 inches (171 millimeters) of liquid water in the 1980s, to 18 inches (460 millimeters) in the 1990s, to 20 inches (-500 millimeters) in the 2000s, to 33 inches (850 millimeters) for 2010-2018. Photo by Amy McGovern. Mailing Address: Phone: (206) 684-3000. Learn about our commitment to equitable service and civic partnerships. We manage large, regional watersheds that provide some of the cleanest water in the nation. By 2005, the glacier had retreated, and the lake had become a small grassland. Learn environmentally friendly ways you can save money on utilities. To estimate how much of the increase in sea level is due to actual mass transfer—the movement of water from land to ocean—scientists rely on a combination of direct measurements of melt rate and glacier elevation made during field surveys, and satellite-based measurements of tiny shifts in Earth’s gravity field. NOAA Tech Memo OAR CPO-1. [online pdf] http://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/sod/lsa/SeaLevelRise/documents/NOAA_NESD.... Accessed November 18, 2019. Construction Resources. Naturally occurring ocean climate cycles can also play a role in temporarily masking or enhancing the effects of climate change on sea level rise. But the melting of mountain glaciers and ice sheets has accelerated: As a result, the amount of sea level rise due to melting (with a small addition from groundwater transfer and other water storage shifts) from 2005–2013 was nearly twice the amount of sea level rise due to thermal expansion. First, as the oceans warm due to an increasing global temperature, seawater expands—taking up more space in the ocean basin and causing a rise in water level. In 2019, global mean sea level was 3.4 inches (87.6 millimeters) above the 1993 average—the highest annual average in the satellite record (1993-present). Seattle Public Utilities maintains 1,600 miles of water pipes. ... Sea-Level Rise. Hall, R. Horton, K. Knuuti, R. Moss, J. Obeysekera, A. Sallenger, and J. Weiss. PO Box 34018, Seattle, WA, 98124-5177 Scientists account for these types of changes by measuring sea level change … Clark, A. Cazenave, J.M. The maps above show temperature anomalies, or changes, not absolute temperature. Potential Sea-Level Changes. The pace of global sea level rise more than doubled from 1.4 mm per year throughout most of the twentieth century to 3.6 mm per year from 2006–2015. Higher sea level also means more frequent high-tide flooding, sometimes called “nuisance flooding” because it isn't generally deadly or dangerous, but it can be disruptive and expensive. 75pp. (2012). You can see how this process works by building a model using everyday items to demonstrate that water expands when heat energy is added. NOAA Climate.gov graph, adapted from Figure 8 in Sweet et al., 2017. NOAA Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services. All three utilities strive to operate in a cost-effective, innovative and environmentally responsible manner. https://report.ipcc.ch/srocc/pdf/SROCC_SPM_Approved.pdf. By overlaying social and economic data on a map that depicts sea level rise, a community can see the potential impact that sea level rise can have on vulnerable people and businesses. A third, much smaller contributor to sea level rise is a decline in the amount of liquid water on land—aquifers, lakes and reservoirs, rivers, soil moisture. Tide gauge stations from around the world have measured the daily high and low tides for more than a century, using a variety of manual and automatic sensors. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. New Climate Satellite Measures Sea Level Rise Space is the best place — maybe the only place — to get a complete picture of how climate change … [Online: https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/publications/NOAA_Technical_Report_NOS_COOPS_073.pdf], Global Ocean Heat and Salt Content page at NCEI, Tides and Currents Sea Level Trends page at the National Ocean Service, Digital Coast Sea Level Rise Viewer at the Coastal Services Center, Coastal Flood Risk page at the U.S. Melt streams on the Greenland Ice Sheet on July 19, 2015. [Online: https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/publications/techrpt83_Global_and_Regional_SLR_Scenarios_for_the_US_final.pdf], Sweet W. V., J. For example, a warmer climate causes more water to evaporate from both land and oceans; in turn, a warmer atmosphere can hold more water – roughly four percent more water for every 1ºF rise in temperature. (Explore past and future frequency of high-tide flooding at U.S. locations with the Climate Explorer, part of the U.S. As seas rise, saltwater is also contaminating freshwater aquifers, many of which sustain municipal and agricultural water supplies and natural ecosystems. In IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate [H.-O. Rates of local sea level (dots) can be amplified by geological processes like ground settling or offset by processes like the centuries-long rebound of land masses from the loss of ice age glaciers. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-011-9119-1, Domingues, R., Goni, G., Baringer, M., & Volkov, D. (2018). With climate change, the water cycle is expected to undergo significant change. Accessed November 2, 2015. When water melts from Greenland, for example, the drop in mass decreases the gravitational pull from the ice sheet, causing water to slosh toward the shores of South America. The map of the United Kingdom is … Access manuals, design specifications, and guidelines to meet design and construction rules and requirements, including CAD resources. We also offer water service in some surrounding areas. ... A partial melting of this ice sheet would cause a 1-meter (3-foot) rise. Coastal flooding is on the rise. It is based on a weighted average of 373 global tide gauge records collected by the U.S. National Ocean Service, UHSLC, and partner agencies worldwide. King Tides: Snap the Shore, See the Future A collaboration of NOAA’s Office for Coastal Management and the King Tides Project to help people understand the global impact of sea level rise. Seattle has over 1,200 miles of sewer pipe. In the early 20th century, the glacier met the water and calved icebergs into a marginal lake near the bay. They depict how much various regions of the world have warmed or cooled when compared with a base period of 1951-1980. Global warming is causing global mean sea level to rise in two ways. Park, J.J. Marra, C. Zervas and S. Gill (2014). Nerem, P.D. Data from the Sea Level Rise Viewer were used to create an interactive map that shows how areas vulnerable to flooding today were often marshlands in 1863. Sweet, W.V., Kopp, R.E., Weaver, C.P., Obeysekera, T., Horton, R.M., Thieler, E.R., and Zervas, C. (2017). The interactive map, produced by Climate Central, shows the change in the UK in the next 30 years because of rising sea levels. Photo by Flickr user James WIlliamor, via a Creative Commons license. Seattle Public Utilities provides land survey services only to other City of Seattle departments but has data for everyone to use. These changes will put pressure on drinking water supplies, food production, property values, and more, in the U.S. and all around the world. Deeper temperatures are measured by instruments lowered from oceanographic research ships. The values are shown as change in sea level in millimeters compared to the 1993-2008 average. Property owners and developers can find specifications, tap procedures, inspections, and rain garden info for stormwater, groundwater, and wastewater. Frightening climate change map shows Scottish cities under water in 2050 The worst affected parts of Scotland are coastal areas, but the North and South Uist in … (2016). About the data used in the interactive graph. Water levels account for the National Tidal Datum Epoch 1983-2001 (NTDE 83-01). In no event will The City of Seattle be liable for any loss or damage including without limitation, indirect or consequential loss or damage, or any loss or damage whatsoever arising from loss of data or profits arising out of, or in connection with, the use of any SLR information. From these gravity shifts, scientists estimate the amount of added water. Connect with coastal stakeholders across the country through this interactive map, which allows you to identify and share your observations and experiences with sea-level rise impacts along Canada's coastline. Changes in ocean currents such as the Gulf Stream can also affect sea levels by pushing more water against some coastlines and pulling it away from others, raising or lowering sea levels accordingly. Sea level is measured by two main methods: tide gauges and satellite altimeters. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. If Earth's climate continues to warm, then the volume of present-day ice sheets will decrease. Find everything to research, obtain permits, install, inspect, or restore pavement for construction involving water lines. (The global mean surface air temperature for that period was estimated to be 14°C (57°F), with an uncertainty of several tenths of a degree.) Learn about current projects in your neighborhood, across the city, and at our drinking water facilities in the region. The rate of sea level rise is accelerating: it has more than doubled from 0.06 inches (1.4 millimeters) per year throughout most of the twentieth century to 0.14 inches (3.6 millimeters) per year from 2006–2015. Interactive Map Climate change Snapshots of a warming world. Maps forecast large areas of Nelson under water from sea-level rise. Second, the volume of the ocean is expanding as the water warms. Added together (purple line), these separate estimates match the observed sea level very well. Residents and businesses can conserve, reduce waste, and practice sustainability. Using data from scores of stations around the world, scientists can calculate a global average and adjust it for seasonal differences. The water along Seattle's Puget Sound shoreline has risen by more than 6 inches during the past century. Only in Alaska and a few places in the Pacific Northwest are sea levels falling, though that trend will reverse under high greenhouse gas emission pathways. Realclimate.org. Zoom into a familiar location, create a point, and share your story. We manage Seattle's sewer and drainage systems, including street storm drains and pollution control. Church, J. The more recent part of the time series is from the University of Hawaii Sea Level Center. For more detail on the data sources, see the end of the article. Observed sea level since the start of the satellite altimeter record in 1993 (black line), plus independent estimates of the different contributions to sea level rise: thermal expansion (red) and added water, mostly due to glacier melt (blue). (2019). Church, J.A., P.U. Rep. NOS CO-OPS 083. View our garbage, recycling, and food & yard waste (compost) services, find the nearest transfer station (dump/landfill) for extra waste, and learn about your collection day. At the same time, the volume of the water itself expands when warmed. In the early 20th century, the glacier met the water and calved icebergs into a marginal lake near the bay. The City of Seattle makes no representations or warranty as to its accuracy, and in particular, its accuracy as to labeling, completeness, reliability, currency, dimensions, contours, property boundaries or placement of location of any map feature thereon. As global temperatures continue to warm, sea level will continue to rise. What Caused the Accelerated Sea Level Changes Along the U.S. East Coast During 2010–2015? Temperatures in the upper half of the ocean are measured by a global fleet of aquatic robots. The non-vegetated vertical accuracy for the project is calculated at 0.172 feet (0.052 meters). The climate projection methodology is described in full in Rasmussen et al. As the world warms, land ice and ice shelves melt, with their water flowing into the global oceans. Merrifield, G.A. These two elements contribute to sea level rise. We do our best to minimize the impact of our construction on your neighborhood. Now there's a map for that. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/3/2019/11/SROCC_FinalDraft_Chapter3.pdf. Pedersen Glacier, at Aialik Bay in Alaska’s Kenai Mountains, in 1917 (left) and 2005 (right). We also help manage construction waste. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. We work to reduce sewer backups, overflow, pollution, and flooding. Discover tips for safer gatherings and ideas for alternative ways to celebrate. In the United States, almost 40 percent of the population lives in relatively high population-density coastal areas, where sea level plays a role in flooding, shoreline erosion, and hazards from storms. Level rose 0.24 inches ( 6.1 millimeters ) blue colors ) we manage large, watersheds... Into the global oceans via a Creative Commons license climate Explorer, part of the research global... And involve you by instruments lowered from oceanographic research ships as alpine glaciers has accelerated in recent decades saltwater also... In Alaska ’ s 10 largest cities are climate change map water rise a coast, according to the ocean Cryosphere! 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